the basics
Hispanic or Latino?
LATINOOriginating or having ancestry from the geographical location that is Latin America, not Spain, with either Indigenous, African, or European ancestries, or any mixture of the three.
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HispanicDescribes a person or culture where Spanish is the primary language spoken. Can be applied to either Latin America or Spain, but not Brazil.
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Video Retrieved from Bustle.com
HOW TO AVOID CALLING SOMEONE BY THE WRONG ethnic LABEL:
JUST ASK. (with caution)
As displayed in the video above, many people in America do not know the difference between Latino and Hispanic and use these words interchangeably. In certain areas, like Southwest Detroit, referring to someone as Hispanic when they strictly identify as Latino instead can cause conflict. As social workers in an area with a large Hispanic population, it is important to become aware of these differences. Below are the most pertinent ethnic groups within the widespread Latino population, as defined by Edgar Colon (2011).
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not to be confused with "spanish"The term Spanish can be used to describe any Spanish language being spoken, e.g. "They were speaking Spanish." Spanish can also be used to describe someone from Spain. Spanish cannot be used to describe a Latino.
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Mexicans |
Puerto Ricans |
The largest percentage (66.9%) of Latino origin. Most Mexicans reside in California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. In Michigan, there is a dense Mexican population in Southwest Detroit, which has resulted in the area often being referred to as Mexican Town.
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Estimated population of 2.3 million people, Puerto Ricans are the second largest subgroup of the Latino population (8.6%). A majority of Puerto Ricans in the United States have settled into New York metropolitan areas, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Massachusetts.
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DOMINICANS |
CUBANS |
Coming in at third for population size of the Latino subgroups, Dominicans account for 6.5% of the Latino population. A majority of Dominicans reside in New York
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Fourth largest percentage of Latino origin, 3.7% of all Latinos.
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examples of types of ethnic subgroups within latin america
as defined by alexis mitchell
Indigenous/amerindian - people who have strong heritage and identify with the indigenous people of latin america. (e.g. MAYAS, AZTEC, TAINO)
MESTIZO - A TERM CREATED BY THE SPANIARDS AFTER CONQUEST (CASTA SYSTEM) TO DESCRIBE A PERSON WITH BOTH EUROPEAN AND INDIGENOUS HERITAGE
Mulatto - Another TERM CREATED BY THE SPANIARDS AFTER CONQUEST (CASTA SYSTEM) TO DESCRIBE A PERSON WITH BOTH EUROPEAN AND african HERITAGE
Afro-Caribbean - "BLACK" LATINOS, POPULATION MOST COMMONLY FOUND IN THE CARIBBEAN WITH HERITAGE FROM AFRICA DUE TO THE SLAVE TRADE BROUGHT TO LATIN AMERICA BY EUROPEANS.
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countries included in latin america
- Argentina
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- Chile
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Cuba
- Dominican Republic
- Ecuador
- El Salvador
- French Guiana
- Guadeloupe (French)
- Guatemala
- Haiti
- Honduras
- Martinique (France)
- Mexico
- Nicaragua
- Panama
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Puerto Rico (U.S.)
- Saint Barthélemy (France)
- Saint Martin (France)
- Uruguay
- Venezuela
References
Learish, J. (2015, July 14). What's The Difference Between Hispanic, Latino, And Spanish? Kat Lazo Of TheeKatsMeoww Asks New Yorkers To Explain — VIDEO. Retrieved December 7, 2015, from http://www.bustle.com/articles/97206-whats-the-difference-between-hispanic-latino-and-spanish-kat-lazo-of-theekatsmeoww-asks-new-yorkers-to
Appleby, G., Colon, E., & Hamilton, J. (2011). A Multi-Diversity Perspective on Latinos: Oppression and Social Functioning. In Diversity, oppression, and social functioning: Person-in-environment assessment and intervention (3rd ed., pp. 108-125). Boston: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon.
Official and Spoken Languages of the Countries of the Americas and the Caribbean. (2015). Retrieved from http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/american_languages.htm. December 7, 2015.
Learish, J. (2015, July 14). What's The Difference Between Hispanic, Latino, And Spanish? Kat Lazo Of TheeKatsMeoww Asks New Yorkers To Explain — VIDEO. Retrieved December 7, 2015, from http://www.bustle.com/articles/97206-whats-the-difference-between-hispanic-latino-and-spanish-kat-lazo-of-theekatsmeoww-asks-new-yorkers-to
Appleby, G., Colon, E., & Hamilton, J. (2011). A Multi-Diversity Perspective on Latinos: Oppression and Social Functioning. In Diversity, oppression, and social functioning: Person-in-environment assessment and intervention (3rd ed., pp. 108-125). Boston: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon.
Official and Spoken Languages of the Countries of the Americas and the Caribbean. (2015). Retrieved from http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/american_languages.htm. December 7, 2015.